FROM: U.S. LABOR DEPARTMENT
US Department of Labor sues San Francisco's California Pacific Bank
Nearly $1.4 million in employee stock ownership assets allegedly mismanaged
SAN FRANCISCO — The U.S. Department of Labor has filed a lawsuit against San Francisco's California Pacific Bank and four of its directors. The complaint alleges that the bank, its CEO and three additional fiduciaries of the bank's Employee Stock Ownership Plan mismanaged plan assets resulting in potential plan losses totaling approximately $1.4 million. The suit asks the court to require the fiduciaries to restore all losses they caused to the plan.
The department alleges that after terminating the ESOP in 2010, the fiduciaries violated the Employee Retirement Income Security Act by failing to liquidate and distribute plan assets in cash to plan participants as required. Because the bank is not a publicly traded company, participants were left with shares of the company's stock they could not easily liquidate for cash, if at all.
Agency investigators determined that the participants would have received approximately $1.24 million if the plan's 97,237 shares had been liquidated and distributed in cash at their assessed December 2009 value. The lawsuit also alleges that in 2011, $81,407 was improperly diverted to the bank, and in 2012, the fiduciaries improperly transferred nearly $70,000 in plan assets to the bank. Finally it is alleged that the bank also held plan assets in non-interest bearing accounts, making assets available for bank use without charge and without accruing interest on the funds for the benefit of the plan.
The complaint names California Pacific Bank CEO and board member Richard Chi, who served as the plan administrator and a plan trustee. Also named are board members and trustees Akila Chen, Kent Chen, and William Mo. The suit asks the court to permanently remove all four as plan fiduciaries and to appoint an independent fiduciary with control over the plan and its assets. The independent fiduciary would administer the liquidation and termination of the plan. The complaint also seeks to permanently enjoin the defendants from ever serving, directly or indirectly, as a fiduciary or service provider with respect to any employee benefit plan subject to ERISA, and to require them to disgorge to the plan any financial benefits they realized as a result of their violations.
Monday, August 26, 2013
DEPARTMENTS OF JUSTICE AND EDUCATION ANNOUNCE RESEARCH FINDINGS ON EDUCATION AND RECIDIVISM
FROM: U.S. JUSTICE DEPARTMENT
Thursday, August 22, 2013
Justice and Education Departments Announce New Research Showing Prison Education Reduces Recidivism, Saves Money, Improves Employment
Attorney General Eric Holder and Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced research findings showing that, on average, inmates who participated in correctional education programs had 43 percent lower odds of returning to prison than inmates who did not. Each year approximately 700,000 individuals leave federal and state prisons; about half of them will be reincarcerated within three years. The research, funded by the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Assistance, was released today by the RAND Corporation.
“These findings reinforce the need to become smarter on crime by expanding proven strategies for keeping our communities safe, and ensuring that those who have paid their debts to society have the chance to become productive citizens,” said Attorney General Holder. “We have an opportunity and an obligation to use smart methods – and advance innovative new programs – that can improve public safety while reducing costs. As it stands, too many individuals and communities are harmed, rather than helped, by a criminal justice system that does not serve the American people as well as it should. This important research is part of our broader effort to change that.”
The findings, from the largest-ever analysis of correctional educational studies, indicate that prison education programs are cost effective. According to the research, a one dollar investment in prison education translates into reducing incarceration costs by four to five dollars during the first three years after release, when those leaving prison are most likely to return.
“Correctional education programs provide incarcerated individuals with the skills and knowledge essential to their futures,” said Secretary of Education Duncan. “Investing in these education programs helps released prisoners get back on their feet—and stay on their feet—when they return to communities across the country.”
With funding from The Second Chance Act (P.L. 110-199) of 2007, the RAND Corporation’s analysis of correctional education research found that employment after release was 13 percent higher among prisoners who participated in either academic or vocational education programs than among those who did not. Those who participated in vocational training were 28 percent more likely to be employed after release from prison than those who did not receive such training.
The report is a collaborative effort of the Departments of Justice and Education, two of 20 federal agencies that make up the federal interagency Reentry Council. The Reentry Council’s members are working to make communities safer by reducing recidivism and victimization; assisting those who return from prison and jail in becoming contributing members of their communities; and saving taxpayer dollars by lowering the direct and collateral costs of incarceration. Attorney General Holder chairs the Reentry Council which he established in January 2011.
Thursday, August 22, 2013
Justice and Education Departments Announce New Research Showing Prison Education Reduces Recidivism, Saves Money, Improves Employment
Attorney General Eric Holder and Secretary of Education Arne Duncan today announced research findings showing that, on average, inmates who participated in correctional education programs had 43 percent lower odds of returning to prison than inmates who did not. Each year approximately 700,000 individuals leave federal and state prisons; about half of them will be reincarcerated within three years. The research, funded by the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Assistance, was released today by the RAND Corporation.
“These findings reinforce the need to become smarter on crime by expanding proven strategies for keeping our communities safe, and ensuring that those who have paid their debts to society have the chance to become productive citizens,” said Attorney General Holder. “We have an opportunity and an obligation to use smart methods – and advance innovative new programs – that can improve public safety while reducing costs. As it stands, too many individuals and communities are harmed, rather than helped, by a criminal justice system that does not serve the American people as well as it should. This important research is part of our broader effort to change that.”
The findings, from the largest-ever analysis of correctional educational studies, indicate that prison education programs are cost effective. According to the research, a one dollar investment in prison education translates into reducing incarceration costs by four to five dollars during the first three years after release, when those leaving prison are most likely to return.
“Correctional education programs provide incarcerated individuals with the skills and knowledge essential to their futures,” said Secretary of Education Duncan. “Investing in these education programs helps released prisoners get back on their feet—and stay on their feet—when they return to communities across the country.”
With funding from The Second Chance Act (P.L. 110-199) of 2007, the RAND Corporation’s analysis of correctional education research found that employment after release was 13 percent higher among prisoners who participated in either academic or vocational education programs than among those who did not. Those who participated in vocational training were 28 percent more likely to be employed after release from prison than those who did not receive such training.
The report is a collaborative effort of the Departments of Justice and Education, two of 20 federal agencies that make up the federal interagency Reentry Council. The Reentry Council’s members are working to make communities safer by reducing recidivism and victimization; assisting those who return from prison and jail in becoming contributing members of their communities; and saving taxpayer dollars by lowering the direct and collateral costs of incarceration. Attorney General Holder chairs the Reentry Council which he established in January 2011.
COURT ENFORCES NLRB ORDERS AGAINST RELCO LOCOMOTIVES, INC., REGARDING TERMINATED EMPLOYEES
FROM: U.S. LABOR DEPARTMENT
Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals Enforces NLRB Orders Against RELCO Locomotives, Inc.
In a decision issued on August 20, 2013, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals enforced two decisions and orders issued by the National Labor Relations Board against Relco, Locomotives, Inc. In enforcing the Board’s Orders, the Court agreed that Relco illegally terminated a total of eight employees in violation of the National Labor Relations Act.
Relco repairs and rebuilds locomotives at its facility in Albia, Iowa. In 2009, employees in the Albia facility sought union representation. Relco suddenly discharged the leading employee Union adherents. In addition, in 2010, Relco terminated two other employees who were involved in protests that Relco was overcharging employees to clean their uniforms. After an investigation, Region 18 of the Board, located in Minneapolis, issued a complaint alleging the four terminations violated the National Labor Relations Act. The legality of the terminations was litigated before an administrative law judge on September 14 through 16, 2010.
In 2011, employees again sought union representation. In March 2011, Relco terminated two additional employees who not only were involved in the renewed union organizing, but who also testified in support of the discharged employees in the September 2010 NLRB proceeding. Around the same time, Relco terminated another two employees who expressed concerns about job security when there were rumors in the plant that the company had terminated another employee. Following a second investigation, Region 18 issued a second complaint against Relco alleging that the four additional terminations also violated the Act. The legality of these four terminations was litigated before a different administrative law judge than the first complaint, on August 9 and 10, 2011.
In enforcing the Board Orders, the Eighth Circuit stated that there was substantial evidence that Relco terminated two employees in 2009 because of their union support; that Relco terminated two other employees in 2010 because of their protests involving overcharging for cleaning work uniforms; that Relco terminated two employees in 2011 because of their testimony before the NLRB in the case involving the 2009 terminations; and that two additional employees were illegally terminated because of their discussions and concerns about the rumored termination of another employee. In doing so, the Court noted that the National Labor Relations Act “provides protections to workers who seek to form a union or otherwise engage in concerted labor activities.”
Finally, the Court (Circuit Judge Smith dissenting) found that Relco waived its right to challenge the Board’s decision on the basis that the Board panel deciding the cases was not constitutionally appointed.
Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals Enforces NLRB Orders Against RELCO Locomotives, Inc.
In a decision issued on August 20, 2013, the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals enforced two decisions and orders issued by the National Labor Relations Board against Relco, Locomotives, Inc. In enforcing the Board’s Orders, the Court agreed that Relco illegally terminated a total of eight employees in violation of the National Labor Relations Act.
Relco repairs and rebuilds locomotives at its facility in Albia, Iowa. In 2009, employees in the Albia facility sought union representation. Relco suddenly discharged the leading employee Union adherents. In addition, in 2010, Relco terminated two other employees who were involved in protests that Relco was overcharging employees to clean their uniforms. After an investigation, Region 18 of the Board, located in Minneapolis, issued a complaint alleging the four terminations violated the National Labor Relations Act. The legality of the terminations was litigated before an administrative law judge on September 14 through 16, 2010.
In 2011, employees again sought union representation. In March 2011, Relco terminated two additional employees who not only were involved in the renewed union organizing, but who also testified in support of the discharged employees in the September 2010 NLRB proceeding. Around the same time, Relco terminated another two employees who expressed concerns about job security when there were rumors in the plant that the company had terminated another employee. Following a second investigation, Region 18 issued a second complaint against Relco alleging that the four additional terminations also violated the Act. The legality of these four terminations was litigated before a different administrative law judge than the first complaint, on August 9 and 10, 2011.
In enforcing the Board Orders, the Eighth Circuit stated that there was substantial evidence that Relco terminated two employees in 2009 because of their union support; that Relco terminated two other employees in 2010 because of their protests involving overcharging for cleaning work uniforms; that Relco terminated two employees in 2011 because of their testimony before the NLRB in the case involving the 2009 terminations; and that two additional employees were illegally terminated because of their discussions and concerns about the rumored termination of another employee. In doing so, the Court noted that the National Labor Relations Act “provides protections to workers who seek to form a union or otherwise engage in concerted labor activities.”
Finally, the Court (Circuit Judge Smith dissenting) found that Relco waived its right to challenge the Board’s decision on the basis that the Board panel deciding the cases was not constitutionally appointed.
'L.A. GANGSTER HUNTED DOWN BY U.S. MARSHALS'
FROM: U.S. MARSHALS SERVICE
L.A. Gangster Wanted for Murder Hunted Down by U.S. Marshals and Arrested in Mexico
Tucson, AZ – Today, Thomas Ruben Velarde, age 26, of California, was returned back to the United States and into the hands of awaiting Deputy U.S. Marshals and detectives with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Velarde was deported by Mexican law enforcement officials through the Nogales Port of Entry in Nogales, Arizona. Velarde, aka “Poison” and “Serio,” is a known street gang member and has been wanted for homicide with a bond of nine million dollars, since January 2009, for his alleged participation in a homicide that killed one man and wounded two others.
On January 11, 2009, Velarde and Patricio Michel, age 26, confronted three male subjects in a parking lot outside a Mexican food restaurant in Compton, California. An altercation between the subjects ensued and Velarde allegedly shot at the three males, killing a 28 year old male and wounding the other two.
Within close proximity of the incident two armed security guards hired to work at a nearby party heard the gun shots and responded. While approaching the scene, the security guards observed a vehicle accelerating in their direction and in self-defense fired upon the vehicle. The vehicle fled the area and a search for Velarde and Michel began. Law enforcement officers located and arrested Michel later that morning at his residence in Downey, California. Detectives conducting the homicide investigation learned that Velarde had fled to the Republic of Mexico, where his whereabouts remained unknown.
On January 26, 2009, Velarde and Michel were both charged with one count of murder and two counts of attempted murder. Velarde maintained his fugitive status for over four years and was featured on the television show America’s Most Wanted, meanwhile, Michel continued his journey through the justice system. On July 14, 2010, Michel pled guilty to manslaughter with the use of a firearm, and was
sentenced to 15 years in a California state prison. Velarde continued to elude U.S. law enforcement officials until recent information on his location was obtained. Deputies with the U.S. Marshals led Violent Offender Taskforce - Mexican Investigative Liaison unit were contacted and were requested to assist with newly discovered information. Deputies immediately began to assist the Mexican authorities with their investigation of U.S. fugitive, Velarde. Authorities in Mexico located Velarde and arrested him without incident in Huatabampo, Sonora Mexico. Velarde was taken into custody by Deputy U.S. Marshals and was transported to the Pima County Detention Center where he will await his extradition back to Los Angeles, California.
United States Marshal David Gonzales stated, “Tracking down and arresting individuals that commit these violent acts in our communities is a priority of the United States Marshals Service. It is my hope this arrest can bring some sense of closure to the victim’s family.” He added, “We will continue to work with our law enforcement partners in Mexico and throughout the United States to track down dangerous individuals.”
The federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies that comprise the Arizona WANTED Violent Offender Taskforce (Tucson Metro Division) include: U.S. Marshals Service; Immigration and Customs Enforcement; Arizona Department of Public Safety; Pima County Adult Probation Office; Arizona Department of Corrections; Tucson Police Department; U.S. Border Patrol; Pima County Sheriff’s Department; Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives.
L.A. Gangster Wanted for Murder Hunted Down by U.S. Marshals and Arrested in Mexico
Tucson, AZ – Today, Thomas Ruben Velarde, age 26, of California, was returned back to the United States and into the hands of awaiting Deputy U.S. Marshals and detectives with the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department. Velarde was deported by Mexican law enforcement officials through the Nogales Port of Entry in Nogales, Arizona. Velarde, aka “Poison” and “Serio,” is a known street gang member and has been wanted for homicide with a bond of nine million dollars, since January 2009, for his alleged participation in a homicide that killed one man and wounded two others.
On January 11, 2009, Velarde and Patricio Michel, age 26, confronted three male subjects in a parking lot outside a Mexican food restaurant in Compton, California. An altercation between the subjects ensued and Velarde allegedly shot at the three males, killing a 28 year old male and wounding the other two.
Within close proximity of the incident two armed security guards hired to work at a nearby party heard the gun shots and responded. While approaching the scene, the security guards observed a vehicle accelerating in their direction and in self-defense fired upon the vehicle. The vehicle fled the area and a search for Velarde and Michel began. Law enforcement officers located and arrested Michel later that morning at his residence in Downey, California. Detectives conducting the homicide investigation learned that Velarde had fled to the Republic of Mexico, where his whereabouts remained unknown.
On January 26, 2009, Velarde and Michel were both charged with one count of murder and two counts of attempted murder. Velarde maintained his fugitive status for over four years and was featured on the television show America’s Most Wanted, meanwhile, Michel continued his journey through the justice system. On July 14, 2010, Michel pled guilty to manslaughter with the use of a firearm, and was
sentenced to 15 years in a California state prison. Velarde continued to elude U.S. law enforcement officials until recent information on his location was obtained. Deputies with the U.S. Marshals led Violent Offender Taskforce - Mexican Investigative Liaison unit were contacted and were requested to assist with newly discovered information. Deputies immediately began to assist the Mexican authorities with their investigation of U.S. fugitive, Velarde. Authorities in Mexico located Velarde and arrested him without incident in Huatabampo, Sonora Mexico. Velarde was taken into custody by Deputy U.S. Marshals and was transported to the Pima County Detention Center where he will await his extradition back to Los Angeles, California.
United States Marshal David Gonzales stated, “Tracking down and arresting individuals that commit these violent acts in our communities is a priority of the United States Marshals Service. It is my hope this arrest can bring some sense of closure to the victim’s family.” He added, “We will continue to work with our law enforcement partners in Mexico and throughout the United States to track down dangerous individuals.”
The federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies that comprise the Arizona WANTED Violent Offender Taskforce (Tucson Metro Division) include: U.S. Marshals Service; Immigration and Customs Enforcement; Arizona Department of Public Safety; Pima County Adult Probation Office; Arizona Department of Corrections; Tucson Police Department; U.S. Border Patrol; Pima County Sheriff’s Department; Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives.
NEW GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATORY HAS BEGUN THE STUDY OF THE ENERGETIC UNIVERSE
FROM: LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LABORATORY
New Gamma-Ray Observatory Begins Operations at Sierra Negra Volcano In The State Of Puebla, Mexico
New Site to Observe Supernovas and Supermassive Black Holes
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., August 21, 2013—The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma Ray Observatory has begun formal operations at its site in Mexico. HAWC is designed to study the origin of very high-energy cosmic rays and observe the most energetic objects in the known universe. This extraordinary observatory, using a unique detection technique that differs from the classical astronomical design of mirrors, lenses, and antennae, is a significant boost to international scientific and technical knowledge.
“The HAWC observatory will search for signals from dark matter and to study some of the most extreme objects in the universe, such as supermassive black holes and exploding stars,” said Brenda Dingus, principal investigator and a research fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Dingus is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, and in 2000 was a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.
HAWC is located at an altitude of 4100 meters on the slope of the volcanoes Sierra Negra and Pico de Orizaba at the border between the states of Puebla and Veracruz. The observatory, which is still under construction, uses an array of Cherenkov detectors to observe high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays. Currently 100 out of 300 Cherenkov detectors are deployed and taking data. Each Cherenkov detector consists of 180,000 liters of extra-pure water stored inside an enormous tank (5 meters high and 7.3 meters in diameter) with four highly sensitive light sensors fixed to the bottom of the tank.
“Los Alamos has a long history of working in this field and built the predecessor to the HAWC observatory, called Milagro, located at the Los Alamos site in New Mexico,” Dingus said.
HAWC 15 Times More Sensitive Than Predecessor
“HAWC will be more than 15 times more sensitive than Milagro was, and it will detect many new sources of high-energy photons. Los Alamos also studies these high-energy phenomena through complex computer simulations to understand the physical mechanisms that accelerate particles to energies millions of times greater than man-made accelerators,” Dingus said.
The construction and operation of HAWC has been made possible by the financial support of several Mexican institutions such as the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and the Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE). Funding has also been provided by the United States through the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and the University of Maryland. The University of Maryland is the managing institute of the project overall.
The HAWC array, operating with 100 Cherenkov detectors since August 1 and growing each week, will be sensitive to high-energy particles and radiation between 100 GeV and 100 TeV, energy equivalent to a billion times the energy of visible light. For more information online see http://www.hawc-observatory.org/.
In 2009, HAWC was identified as the Mexican astronomical project with the highest expected impact on high-energy astrophysics. Shortly thereafter a test array with three Cherenkov detectors was installed at the volcano Sierra Negra and successfully observed cosmic rays and gamma rays. Following these early tests, a prototype array of seven Cherenkov detectors was built in 2009 to test the tank design, simulate real data-taking, and study the logistics of deploying a large-scale observatory in this remote location. In 2012, the first 30 of 300 HAWC detectors were deployed, and since that time have been operated nearly continuously. The 30-detector stage of HAWC permitted calibration of the observatory via the observation of the shadow of the moon as it blocked cosmic rays. (http://1.usa.gov/14jjT8w)
Today, the scientific team of HAWC will formally begin observations of the most violent phenomena in the known universe, such as supernovae explosions and the evolution of supermassive black holes.
Image captions:
Figure 1: Artist’s conception of a black hole in the center of a distant galaxy emitting gamma rays, one of which reaches the Earth. Upon entering the terrestrial atmosphere, the gamma ray will produce a cascade of energetic particles that travels to detectors on the ground. Credit: Aurore Simonnet, Sonoma State University.
Figure 2. Diagram of a HAWC Cherenkov detector, with a person shown for scale. Inside the Cherenkov detector, a high-energy charged particle (red line) produces Cherenkov light (green lines) as it moves from top to bottom through the tank. The Cherenkov light is recorded by four highly sensitive photo-sensors placed at the bottom of the Cherenkov detector. By combining measurements from many tanks the properties of the original gamma ray or cosmic ray can be inferred.
Figure 3. Image of an event produced by particle cascade in the HAWC observatory. The larger circles represent each Cherenkov detector in HAWC, each contains 4 photo-sensors represented in the figure as smaller circles. The color of each small circle or photo-sensor represents the arrival time of the particle cascade to each sensor. This is one of the first images recorded by HAWC since the beginning of operations. In particular, this cascade arrived from the upper left to the bottom right and its center hit HAWC at the “X” mark. The time scale is given in the lower scale in nanometers.
Figure 4. The HAWC Observatory taken in August 2013 from the summit of Sierra Negra. The image has been digitally altered to show HAWC as it will appear when construction is complete in 2014. The 111 Cherenkov detectors currently installed (100 Cherenkov detectors in operation) are colored white and located in the upper right quadrant of the array.
Background: The Most Energetic Particles in the Known Universe
Gamma rays (electromagnetic radiation of very high frequency) and cosmic rays (subatomic particles of very high energy) are products of the most energetic and cataclysmic events in the known universe. These phenomena include the collisions of two neutron stars, the explosions of supernovae, binary systems of stars with stellar accretion, and active gal actic nuclei which host black holes millions of times more massive than the sun.
When high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays reach the Earth, they interact with air molecules in the upper atmosphere. Gamma rays, for example, are converted into pairs of charged matter and anti-matter particles (mainly electrons and positrons). These particles rapidly interact with other air molecules, producing additional gamma rays of reduced energy, which then create further charged particle pairs. This chain reaction proceeds until a large cascade of particles and radiation reaches ground level, where it can be recorded in the HAWC detectors.
When the charged particle cascade from an extra-terrestrial gamma ray passes through a Cherenkov detector, its particles are traveling faster than the speed of light in water. The resulting effect is similar to the shock wave produced in the atmosphere by a supersonic airplane (a "sonic boom"), but instead of producing sound the particles produce a visible cone of light. The flash of light, called Cherenkov radiation, is measured by the light sensor fixed to the bottom of each detector in HAWC. By combining the light signal observed in many tanks with fast electronics and high precision computing equipment, it is possible for scientists to determine the time of arrival, energy, and direction of the original extraterrestrial gamma ray or cosmic ray.
New Gamma-Ray Observatory Begins Operations at Sierra Negra Volcano In The State Of Puebla, Mexico
New Site to Observe Supernovas and Supermassive Black Holes
LOS ALAMOS, N.M., August 21, 2013—The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma Ray Observatory has begun formal operations at its site in Mexico. HAWC is designed to study the origin of very high-energy cosmic rays and observe the most energetic objects in the known universe. This extraordinary observatory, using a unique detection technique that differs from the classical astronomical design of mirrors, lenses, and antennae, is a significant boost to international scientific and technical knowledge.
“The HAWC observatory will search for signals from dark matter and to study some of the most extreme objects in the universe, such as supermassive black holes and exploding stars,” said Brenda Dingus, principal investigator and a research fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Dingus is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, and in 2000 was a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.
HAWC is located at an altitude of 4100 meters on the slope of the volcanoes Sierra Negra and Pico de Orizaba at the border between the states of Puebla and Veracruz. The observatory, which is still under construction, uses an array of Cherenkov detectors to observe high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays. Currently 100 out of 300 Cherenkov detectors are deployed and taking data. Each Cherenkov detector consists of 180,000 liters of extra-pure water stored inside an enormous tank (5 meters high and 7.3 meters in diameter) with four highly sensitive light sensors fixed to the bottom of the tank.
“Los Alamos has a long history of working in this field and built the predecessor to the HAWC observatory, called Milagro, located at the Los Alamos site in New Mexico,” Dingus said.
HAWC 15 Times More Sensitive Than Predecessor
“HAWC will be more than 15 times more sensitive than Milagro was, and it will detect many new sources of high-energy photons. Los Alamos also studies these high-energy phenomena through complex computer simulations to understand the physical mechanisms that accelerate particles to energies millions of times greater than man-made accelerators,” Dingus said.
The construction and operation of HAWC has been made possible by the financial support of several Mexican institutions such as the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), and the Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE). Funding has also been provided by the United States through the National Science Foundation (NSF), the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science, the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and the University of Maryland. The University of Maryland is the managing institute of the project overall.
The HAWC array, operating with 100 Cherenkov detectors since August 1 and growing each week, will be sensitive to high-energy particles and radiation between 100 GeV and 100 TeV, energy equivalent to a billion times the energy of visible light. For more information online see http://www.hawc-observatory.org/.
In 2009, HAWC was identified as the Mexican astronomical project with the highest expected impact on high-energy astrophysics. Shortly thereafter a test array with three Cherenkov detectors was installed at the volcano Sierra Negra and successfully observed cosmic rays and gamma rays. Following these early tests, a prototype array of seven Cherenkov detectors was built in 2009 to test the tank design, simulate real data-taking, and study the logistics of deploying a large-scale observatory in this remote location. In 2012, the first 30 of 300 HAWC detectors were deployed, and since that time have been operated nearly continuously. The 30-detector stage of HAWC permitted calibration of the observatory via the observation of the shadow of the moon as it blocked cosmic rays. (http://1.usa.gov/14jjT8w)
Today, the scientific team of HAWC will formally begin observations of the most violent phenomena in the known universe, such as supernovae explosions and the evolution of supermassive black holes.
Image captions:
Figure 1: Artist’s conception of a black hole in the center of a distant galaxy emitting gamma rays, one of which reaches the Earth. Upon entering the terrestrial atmosphere, the gamma ray will produce a cascade of energetic particles that travels to detectors on the ground. Credit: Aurore Simonnet, Sonoma State University.
Figure 2. Diagram of a HAWC Cherenkov detector, with a person shown for scale. Inside the Cherenkov detector, a high-energy charged particle (red line) produces Cherenkov light (green lines) as it moves from top to bottom through the tank. The Cherenkov light is recorded by four highly sensitive photo-sensors placed at the bottom of the Cherenkov detector. By combining measurements from many tanks the properties of the original gamma ray or cosmic ray can be inferred.
Figure 3. Image of an event produced by particle cascade in the HAWC observatory. The larger circles represent each Cherenkov detector in HAWC, each contains 4 photo-sensors represented in the figure as smaller circles. The color of each small circle or photo-sensor represents the arrival time of the particle cascade to each sensor. This is one of the first images recorded by HAWC since the beginning of operations. In particular, this cascade arrived from the upper left to the bottom right and its center hit HAWC at the “X” mark. The time scale is given in the lower scale in nanometers.
Figure 4. The HAWC Observatory taken in August 2013 from the summit of Sierra Negra. The image has been digitally altered to show HAWC as it will appear when construction is complete in 2014. The 111 Cherenkov detectors currently installed (100 Cherenkov detectors in operation) are colored white and located in the upper right quadrant of the array.
Background: The Most Energetic Particles in the Known Universe
Gamma rays (electromagnetic radiation of very high frequency) and cosmic rays (subatomic particles of very high energy) are products of the most energetic and cataclysmic events in the known universe. These phenomena include the collisions of two neutron stars, the explosions of supernovae, binary systems of stars with stellar accretion, and active gal actic nuclei which host black holes millions of times more massive than the sun.
When high-energy cosmic rays and gamma rays reach the Earth, they interact with air molecules in the upper atmosphere. Gamma rays, for example, are converted into pairs of charged matter and anti-matter particles (mainly electrons and positrons). These particles rapidly interact with other air molecules, producing additional gamma rays of reduced energy, which then create further charged particle pairs. This chain reaction proceeds until a large cascade of particles and radiation reaches ground level, where it can be recorded in the HAWC detectors.
When the charged particle cascade from an extra-terrestrial gamma ray passes through a Cherenkov detector, its particles are traveling faster than the speed of light in water. The resulting effect is similar to the shock wave produced in the atmosphere by a supersonic airplane (a "sonic boom"), but instead of producing sound the particles produce a visible cone of light. The flash of light, called Cherenkov radiation, is measured by the light sensor fixed to the bottom of each detector in HAWC. By combining the light signal observed in many tanks with fast electronics and high precision computing equipment, it is possible for scientists to determine the time of arrival, energy, and direction of the original extraterrestrial gamma ray or cosmic ray.
Sunday, August 25, 2013
STATEMENT BY LABOR SECRETARY PEREZ ON FATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES RESULTS FOR 2012
FROM: U.S. LABOR DEPARTMENT
Statement by Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez on fatal occupational injuries in 2012
WASHINGTON — Preliminary results from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries released today show a reduction in the number of fatal work injuries in 2012 compared with 2011. Last year, 4,383 workers died from work-related injuries, down from a final count of 4,693 fatal work injuries in 2011. Based on preliminary counts, the rate of fatal workplace injuries in 2012 was 3.2 per 100,000 full-time equivalent workers, down from a rate of 3.5 per 100,000 in 2011. In response, Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez issued the following statement:
"Workers in this country have the right to return home safe and healthy at the end of a work day. Despite that right, poor safety conditions cause thousands of people each year to lose their lives at work.
"I am greatly encouraged by the reduction in workplace fatalities, even in a growing economy. It is a testament to the hard work of employers, unions, health and safety professionals and the Labor Department's Occupational Safety and Health Administration and Mine Safety and Health Administration. Through collaborative education and outreach efforts, and effective law enforcement, these numbers indicate that we are absolutely moving in the right direction.
"But to me these aren't just numbers and data — they are fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters, who will never come home again.
"We can and must do better. Job gains in oil and gas and construction have come with more fatalities, and that is unacceptable. That's why OSHA has undertaken a number of outreach and educational initiatives, including a campaign to prevent falls in construction and the National Voluntary Stand Down of U.S. Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, co-sponsored by oil and gas industry employers and planned for Nov. 14. Employers must take job hazards seriously and live up to their legal and moral obligation to send their workers home safe every single day. The Labor Department is committed to preventing these needless deaths, and we will continue to engage with employers to make sure that these fatality numbers go down further.
"No worker should lose their life for a paycheck."
Statement by Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez on fatal occupational injuries in 2012
WASHINGTON — Preliminary results from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries released today show a reduction in the number of fatal work injuries in 2012 compared with 2011. Last year, 4,383 workers died from work-related injuries, down from a final count of 4,693 fatal work injuries in 2011. Based on preliminary counts, the rate of fatal workplace injuries in 2012 was 3.2 per 100,000 full-time equivalent workers, down from a rate of 3.5 per 100,000 in 2011. In response, Secretary of Labor Thomas E. Perez issued the following statement:
"Workers in this country have the right to return home safe and healthy at the end of a work day. Despite that right, poor safety conditions cause thousands of people each year to lose their lives at work.
"I am greatly encouraged by the reduction in workplace fatalities, even in a growing economy. It is a testament to the hard work of employers, unions, health and safety professionals and the Labor Department's Occupational Safety and Health Administration and Mine Safety and Health Administration. Through collaborative education and outreach efforts, and effective law enforcement, these numbers indicate that we are absolutely moving in the right direction.
"But to me these aren't just numbers and data — they are fathers and mothers, brothers and sisters, who will never come home again.
"We can and must do better. Job gains in oil and gas and construction have come with more fatalities, and that is unacceptable. That's why OSHA has undertaken a number of outreach and educational initiatives, including a campaign to prevent falls in construction and the National Voluntary Stand Down of U.S. Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Production, co-sponsored by oil and gas industry employers and planned for Nov. 14. Employers must take job hazards seriously and live up to their legal and moral obligation to send their workers home safe every single day. The Labor Department is committed to preventing these needless deaths, and we will continue to engage with employers to make sure that these fatality numbers go down further.
"No worker should lose their life for a paycheck."
OBAMA ADMINISTRATION FINDS PARTNER IN EDUCATING AMERICANS ABOUT HEALTH INSURANCE MARKETPLACE
FROM: U.S. HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
Pennsylvania Champions for Coverage partner with Obama administration to help Americans understand the Health Insurance Marketplace
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. - Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Kathleen Sebelius recognized more than 25 Pennsylvania organizations and businesses that have volunteered to help uninsured Americans get coverage through the Health Insurance Marketplace. Secretary Sebelius made today’s announcement at an event hosted by Congreso, a Champion for Coverage dedicated to strengthening Latino communities.
“A network of volunteers on the ground in every state – health care providers, business leaders, faith leaders, community groups, advocates, and local elected officials – can help spread the word and encourage their neighbors to get enrolled,” said Secretary Sebelius.
Champions for Coverage are local businesses and organizations – bloggers, community health centers, hospitals, communities of faith, and civic organizations. They will use publicly available materials – both digital and in print – from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to help members of their communities understand their new options through the Marketplace. There are many ways these organizations can help, including hanging a poster in their office, hosting an enrollment fair or educational event, or posting links on their website.
“We are both excited and thankful to have such a wide variety of businesses and organizations that want to get involved and help us spread the message about these new opportunities for people to access quality, affordable health insurance when open enrollment begins on October 1,” said CMS Administrator Marilyn Tavenner.
“Congreso is proud to partner with HHS on this historic effort to expand access to health care coverage for all Americans,” said Cynthia Figueroa, Congreso president and chief executive officer. “As a Champion for Coverage, we aim to be a trusted community resource for Latino individuals and families who want to learn more about their options for quality, affordable coverage thanks to the Affordable Care Act.”
Today’s announcement follows the significant progress made this summer on outreach and education around the Marketplace. Consumers can learn about and enroll in coverage later this fall through HealthCare.gov. They can participate in an online web chat, or call 1-800-318-2596 toll free to speak with a trained customer service representative.
The growing list of Pennsylvania organizations includes:
ACLAMO Family Centers
Berks Community Health Center
Better Health Network
Black Women's Health Alliance
Central Montgomery Mental Health
Columbia County Volunteers in Medicine Clinic Inc.
Community Health Clinic of Butler County
Congreso de Latinos Unidos
Dermatology Associates of Plymouth Meeting
Diagnostic Imaging Specialists LLC
Family Planning Council
Jewish Healthcare Foundation
Keystone Rural Health Center
La Comunidad Hispana
Maternity Care Coalition
Mental Health Association of Southeastern Pennsylvania
Mt. Tabor AME Church
Office of HIV Planning Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health
Pittsburgh Regional Health Initiative
Planned Parenthood Keystone
Susquehanna Community Health and Dental Clinic Inc
Webkite
Welsh Mountain Health Centers
West Philadelphia Salvation Army
Women's Law Project
There will also be people in local communities who can provide in-person help with coverage choices. Last week, HHS awarded $67 million to 105 Navigator grant applicants. More than 1,200 community health centers across the country have received more than $150 million to help enroll uninsured Americans in coverage. And a partnership with the Institute of Museum and Library Services will help trusted local libraries be a resource for consumers who want information on their options.<</p>
Open enrollment in the Health Insurance Marketplace begins October 1 for coverage starting as early as Jan. 1, 2014. Visit HealthCare.gov to learn more and to sign up for account.
To see the list of 100 national organizations announced last week visit: http://marketplace.cms.gov/help-us/champions-for-coverage-list.pdf.
Pennsylvania Champions for Coverage partner with Obama administration to help Americans understand the Health Insurance Marketplace
PHILADELPHIA, Pa. - Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Kathleen Sebelius recognized more than 25 Pennsylvania organizations and businesses that have volunteered to help uninsured Americans get coverage through the Health Insurance Marketplace. Secretary Sebelius made today’s announcement at an event hosted by Congreso, a Champion for Coverage dedicated to strengthening Latino communities.
“A network of volunteers on the ground in every state – health care providers, business leaders, faith leaders, community groups, advocates, and local elected officials – can help spread the word and encourage their neighbors to get enrolled,” said Secretary Sebelius.
Champions for Coverage are local businesses and organizations – bloggers, community health centers, hospitals, communities of faith, and civic organizations. They will use publicly available materials – both digital and in print – from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to help members of their communities understand their new options through the Marketplace. There are many ways these organizations can help, including hanging a poster in their office, hosting an enrollment fair or educational event, or posting links on their website.
“We are both excited and thankful to have such a wide variety of businesses and organizations that want to get involved and help us spread the message about these new opportunities for people to access quality, affordable health insurance when open enrollment begins on October 1,” said CMS Administrator Marilyn Tavenner.
“Congreso is proud to partner with HHS on this historic effort to expand access to health care coverage for all Americans,” said Cynthia Figueroa, Congreso president and chief executive officer. “As a Champion for Coverage, we aim to be a trusted community resource for Latino individuals and families who want to learn more about their options for quality, affordable coverage thanks to the Affordable Care Act.”
Today’s announcement follows the significant progress made this summer on outreach and education around the Marketplace. Consumers can learn about and enroll in coverage later this fall through HealthCare.gov. They can participate in an online web chat, or call 1-800-318-2596 toll free to speak with a trained customer service representative.
The growing list of Pennsylvania organizations includes:
ACLAMO Family Centers
Berks Community Health Center
Better Health Network
Black Women's Health Alliance
Central Montgomery Mental Health
Columbia County Volunteers in Medicine Clinic Inc.
Community Health Clinic of Butler County
Congreso de Latinos Unidos
Dermatology Associates of Plymouth Meeting
Diagnostic Imaging Specialists LLC
Family Planning Council
Jewish Healthcare Foundation
Keystone Rural Health Center
La Comunidad Hispana
Maternity Care Coalition
Mental Health Association of Southeastern Pennsylvania
Mt. Tabor AME Church
Office of HIV Planning Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Office of Rural Health
Pittsburgh Regional Health Initiative
Planned Parenthood Keystone
Susquehanna Community Health and Dental Clinic Inc
Webkite
Welsh Mountain Health Centers
West Philadelphia Salvation Army
Women's Law Project
There will also be people in local communities who can provide in-person help with coverage choices. Last week, HHS awarded $67 million to 105 Navigator grant applicants. More than 1,200 community health centers across the country have received more than $150 million to help enroll uninsured Americans in coverage. And a partnership with the Institute of Museum and Library Services will help trusted local libraries be a resource for consumers who want information on their options.<</p>
Open enrollment in the Health Insurance Marketplace begins October 1 for coverage starting as early as Jan. 1, 2014. Visit HealthCare.gov to learn more and to sign up for account.
To see the list of 100 national organizations announced last week visit: http://marketplace.cms.gov/help-us/champions-for-coverage-list.pdf.
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